Toyota TacomaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to:
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ManufacturerModel year(s)AssemblyPredecessor
ClassBody style(s)LayoutThe
Toyota Tacoma is a compact
pickup truck produced and manufactured by the
Toyota Motor Company since 1995. The
second-generation Tacoma was
Motor Trend Magazine's Truck of the Year for 2005.
The Toyota Tacoma is named after the City of
Tacoma, Washington, USA.
First
generation (1995–2004)First generationProduction
Model year(s)Engine(s)Transmission(s)WheelbaseLengthWidthHeight
Curb weightFuel capacityRelated
 |
| 1995-2004 |
| 1995-2004 |
2.4 L I4 142 hp (106 kW)
2.7 L I4 150 hp (112 kW)
3.4 L V6 190 hp (142 kW) |
4-speed automatic
5-speed manual |
1995-2000 Regular Cab: 103.3 in (2624 mm)
2001-04 Regular Cab:
104.3 in (2649 mm)
Xtracab: 121.9 in (3096 mm) |
1995-97 Regular Cab 2WD: 174.8 in (4440 mm)
Xtracab 2WD:
193.3 in (4910 mm)
1995-97 Regular Cab 4WD: 180.5 in (4585 mm)
1995-97
Xtracab 4WD: 199.0 in (5055 mm)
1998-2000 Regular Cab 4WD, 1998-2002
PreRunner Regular Cab 2WD: 183.8 in (4669 mm)
1998-2002 Xtracab 4WD &
PreRunner Xtracab: 202.3 in (5138 mm)
1998-2002 Regular Cab 2WD: 184.5 in
(4686 mm)
1998-2002 Xtracab 2WD: 203.1 in (5159 mm)
2003-04 Regular Cab
4WD: 184.4 in (4684 mm)
2003-04 Xtracab V6 & Double Cab: 202.9 in
(5154 mm) |
66.5 in (1689 mm)
Between wheelwell: 40 in (1016 mm)
2001-02
Crew Cab: 70.1 in (1781 mm)
2003-04 Crew Cab: 70.3 in (1786 mm) |
2WD: 61.0-64.1 in (1549-1628 mm)
4WD: 66.3-67.7 in (1684-1720
mm) |
(3155 lbs)
(3877 lbs) |
57.2 litres (15.1 US gal; 12.6 imp gal)
70 litres (18.5 US gal;
15.4 imp gal) |
Toyota
Hilux
Toyota Land Cruiser Prado
Toyota 4Runner/Hilux Surf
Toyota Tundra
Toyota
T100 |
The Tacoma name was introduced in 1995, originating from the worldwide
Hilux. The Hilux was sold in
the United States until 1995 (simply as a "Toyota Truck".
There were a total of three engines available for the Toyota Tacoma: the
2.4 L
four
cylinder rated at 142 hp (106 kW) and 160 lb·ft (217 N·m) of torque, the
2.7 L four cylinder rated at 175 hp (130 kW) and 202 lb·ft (274 N·m) of torque,
and the 3.4 L
V6 rated at
190 hp (142 kW) and 220 lb·ft (298 N·m) of torque. The 2.4 L gave a highly
useful 29 miles per US gallon (8.1 L/100 km;
35 mpg
-imp) (hwy), the 2.7 L gave 26 miles per US
gallon (9.0 L/100 km; 31 mpg
-imp) (hwy), and the 3.4 L
delivered 22 miles per US gallon (11 L/100 km;
26 mpg
-imp) (hwy).
[1])
Two-wheel drive Tacomas had 5-stud wheel lug patterns. The 2.4 L and 3.4 L
engines were available in this vehicle depending on options. Automatic and
manual transmissions were available.
Four-wheel drive Tacomas had six-stud wheel lug patterns, which had been used
on the prior pickups (pre-Tacoma trucks). The truck's frame is fully boxed until
immediately after the front leaf spring mount bracket where is transitions into
a c-frame section. The 3.4 V6's manual transmission was an R150F while the
automatic transmission was an A340F (Aisin code is 30-40LE). From 95-97 Single
cab Tacomas had the option of a manual transmission with the 3.4 V6 engine. From
98 on, the single cabs only got a 2.7 or a 2.4
4-cyl from factory. TRD packages
started in 98 (if the V6 engine was selected, a differential locker in the rear
came with it).
2001
Toyota Tacoma regular cab
Prerunner models started in 98. They share the same front and rear suspension
parts and geometry, frame, styling and engine options as the 4x4 Tacomas of this
year range. Prerunner Tacomas also had the option of the TRD Off-Road package
which (like the
4x4) got a
rear differential locker if it was a V6 model (among other suspension
variations). One downside is there was not option of a 5-speed transmission. The
V6 Tacoma
automatic transmissions were an A340E.
Because of the similarities in the Prerunner and 4x4 models, it is possible to
use stock parts to convert a Prerunner to a 4x4. However, in the online Toyota
community this not advised.
1995-1997
Toyota Tacoma extended cab
1998-2000
Toyota Tacoma extended cab
In its first couple years of production the Tacoma sold very well, attracting
many young buyers. The first generation Tacoma underwent a total of two cosmetic
facelifts: the first in 1998, and the second in 2001. The facelifts mainly
entailed new headlights and grilles. Mechanical changes included a switch to
distributorless ignitions (coil-on-plug) in 1997 and in 1998 longer rear leaf
springs. All 4x4 models came with Toyota's Automatic Differential Disconnect
(ADD) system after the 2000 model year.
The only extra feature in 2001 was a new crew cab (four door) model added to
the lineup. The crew cab featured four doors, while the extended cabs still
opened with two doors. The extended cab featured a 6-foot (2 m) bed while the
crew cab featured a 5-foot-5-inch (1.65 m) bed. Many customers were upset with
small crew cab beds, but most competitors shared this shortcoming.
2001-2004
Toyota Tacoma TRD extended cab
In 2001, along with the front facelift, Toyota had also unveiled an S-Runner
trim package which included the 3.4 liter V6 engine. It came with 16-inch
(410 mm) alloy wheels, and a 5 speed
manual transmission with Tokico Gas shocks.
There were only 200 produced each month from 2001-2004. By 2003 the Tacoma had
gained 16.5 percent sales from its previous years. The Tacoma's popularity only
increased in the next few years. By 2004 it was ahead of the
Nissan Frontier, and
Dodge Dakota, but still 2.2
percent behind in sales to the
Ford Ranger.
In 2008, Toyota proactively announced a 15 year, unlimited mileage corrosion
warranty for 1995-2000 models due to inadequate rustproofing and frame corrosion
issues affecting a small number of Tacomas. Toyota will either repair the frame
or buyback the truck for 1.5 times its
KBB retail value.
[2][3] Second
generation (2005–present)Second generationProduction
Model year(s)Engine(s)Transmission(s)WheelbaseLengthWidthHeight
Curb weightFuel capacityRelated
 |
| 2004-present |
| 2005-present |
2.7 L 2TR-FE I4 (159 hp)
4.0 L 1GR-FE V6 (236 hp) |
4-speed automatic
5-speed automatic
5-speed manual
6-speed
manual |
Regular Cab 4WD & PreRunner: 110.0 in (2794 mm)
Access Cab:
127.8 in (3246 mm)/127.2 in (3231 mm)
Double Cab Long Bed: 140.9 in
(3579 mm)
Regular Cab 2WD: 109.4 in (2779 mm) |
Regular Cab: 190.4 in (4836 mm)
Access Cab: 208.1 in
(5286 mm)
Double Cab Long Bed: 221.3 in (5621 mm) |
2WD Extended: 74.6 in (1895 mm)
2WD Regular: 72.2 in
(1834 mm)
4WD: 74.7 in (1897 mm)
X-Runner: 74.0 in (1880 mm) |
Extended Cab & 4WD Regular: 69.9 in (1775 mm)
Double Cab:
70.1 in (1781 mm)
Regular Cab 2WD: 65.7 in (1669 mm)
2005-06 X-Runner:
65.2 in (1656 mm)
2007-Present X-Runner: 72.2 in (1834 mm) |
(3550 lb)
(3950 lb) |
| 79.9 litres (21.1 US gal; 17.6 imp gal) |
Toyota
Hilux
Toyota Land Cruiser Prado
Toyota 4Runner/Hilux Surf
Toyota Tundra
Toyota FJ
Cruiser |
2005-2008
Toyota Tacoma Double Cab TRD
2005-2008
Toyota Tacoma X-Runner extended cab
2009
Toyota Tacoma extended cab
At the 2004
Chicago Auto Show, Toyota unveiled a bigger
and more powerful Tacoma. This new Tacoma was available in eighteen different
configurations, that included three cab configurations, four transmissions, two
engines, and two bed lengths. The Tacoma's 4.0-liter
1GR-FE V6 took the place of the original
3.4-liter V6. The new V6 had many enhancements, such as a new 6500 pound tow
rating, and a payload capacity of 1650
pounds. It produces 236 horsepower (176 kW) and
266
foot-pounds of
torque. The smaller, but all-new 2.7-liter
2TR-FE 4-cylinder alternative in less expensive models is rated at 159 hp (119 kW) and
180 lb·ft (244 N·m). of torque.
Toyota also introduced an X-Runner trim, which replaces the slow selling
S-Runner trim from the previous generation. The X-Runner features the
1GR-FE paired to a six speed
manual transmission, 18 in (457 mm) alloy
wheels, lowered two inches from the factory and included an X-Brace suspension
package. Toyota also included a Down-Hill Assist Control (DAC) and Hill-Side
Assist Control (HAC, which prevents vehicle from rolling backwards on hills),
with models that were equipped with the optional
Toyota
Racing Development (TRD) packages. A locking rear differential, or
limited-slip differential were also some optional features. Every Tacoma was
manufactured with a composite inner bed that includes a deck rail system with
four tie down cleats, hook-pins, storage boxes, and a power outlet (models with
TRD packages). The tie down cleats are rated to hold up to 220 lb (100 kg).
The 2006 model Tacoma was a bit different from the 2005 model. The 2006 model
made some options standard. Toyota also added 2 new interior colors for 2007
model year. 2008 models are carry ons from 2007. For 2009 safety features were
added and the Tacoma no longer offers a mechanical limited slip differential
rather an open differential which uses individual wheel braking to simulate a
mechanical LSD or "Auto-LSD". TRD off-road models continue to come equipped with
a locking rear differential. The second generation Tacomas are assembled in
Tijuana,
Mexico and
Fremont, California while the
plastic/composite beds are all built in
Mexico. However, in August 2009 Toyota announced that it
would relocate Tacoma production from Fremont to
San Antonio,
Texas, consolidating it with its
Toyota Tundra production line and thus having all
American-made Toyota pickups manufactured at one facility.
A minor facelift came for 2009, including a slightly revised grill on some
models, new LED taillamps, and on the X-Runner, TRD Offroad and TRD Sport models
includes smoked headlamp trim. Auxiliary audio input now comes standard. The
Access/Double Cab trucks have two new ceiling mounted speakers and available
backup monitor. Four new exterior colors are also added to the Tacoma.
After the Bankruptcy of GM, GM abandoned the NUMMI venture. Following the
decision of GM, Toyota terminated all Corolla and Tacoma production. In 2010 all
Tacoma production will be moved to Toyota's Texas plant in San Antonio. The
Tacoma will be built alongside the Tundra, its bigger brother. By doing this,
Toyota has moved all of its NA truck production to one plant. This will bring a
total 1,000 new jobs to San Antonio.
In 2012, like many of its competitors, the Tacoma is expected to be
redesigned and re-engineered, two years after the release of the new
4Runner.
Safety and structural
integrityThe Tacoma comes standard with
anti-lock brakes,
brake assist, and
electronic brakeforce
distribution. In 2008, a rollover sensor was added which would deploy the
side curtain airbags in the event of rollover in Tacomas equipped with the
optional side airbags. Beginning with the 2009 model year, all Tacoma's feature
Toyota's Star Safety System which added
Vehicle
Stability Control and
traction control. Front row
side
torso airbags and
side curtain airbags for both rows also
become standard as well as active headrests.
[4][5]Given the smaller size of pickup trucks in the Tacoma's category, crash
testing for these sized trucks lags with how well most full size trucks perform.
However, in an
Insurance Institute for
Highway Safety (IIHS) test of the Tacoma and other small trucks, only the
side airbag equipped Tacoma received the highest overall rating of "Good" in the
side impact test.
[6][7] The
Tacoma also is rated "Good" in the frontal offset crash test.
[8] And in 2009 with the
active headrests the Tacoma is given the IIHS's
Top Safety Pick award.
NHTSA crash test ratings (2006)
[9]:
| Frontal Driver: |
|
| Frontal Passenger: |
|
| Side Driver: |
|
| Side Rear Passenger: |
|
| Rollover: |
|
X-Runner SpecificThe Toyota X-Runner is a limited production trim. The X-Runner is only
available in three colors per year, and only four colors total. From 2005-2008
the X-Runner is available in Speedway Blue, Radiant Red and Black Sand Pearl. In
2009 Radiant Red was discontinued and replaced with Barcelona Red Metallic.
Key differences between the X-Runner and the other packages include tweaks to
the suspension and added ground effects. Toyota added a rear mounted X-Brace to
stiffen up the rear end (hence the name X-Runner). The chassis was further
stiffened by adding two more support braces to the frame. An optional big brake
kit by TRD is also available on the X-Runner; which consists of a 332 mm slotted
rotor and 4 piston caliper. The BBK (big brake kit) was designed by
StopTech.
Aftermarket performance for the 1GRFE 4.0L motor has grown rapidly from Q4 of
2007 to the present. Many intakes, exhausts, and headers are available for the
motor. During the summer of 2008
Allan Phillips Racing released the
APR X-1 ECU Controller, a piggyback ECU designed specifically for the Toyota
Tacoma 4.0L ECU (though also compatible with the FJ Cruiser). The X-1 comes with
a Stage 1 kit which includes exhaust timing gears and a 170* t-stat.
NST and
TTC Performance have recently released new engine components
for the 1GRFE motor. NST released a lightweight pulley system - crank pulley,
alternator pulley, and water pump pulley (with more in development). The pulleys
are OEM size but lighter in weight to reduce drivetrain loss. TTC Performance
released a couple different cams configurations as well as forged pistons. Also
newly available for the 4.0L motor is a Fidanza lightweight aluminum flywheel
available from Paradise Racing. Paradise Racing also have the Competition Clutch
Stage II and Stage IV clutch kits available.
Multiple forced induction systems are also available. URD offers a
centrifugal supercharger, TRD offers a roots based supercharger, and STS
(Squires Turbo Systems) has released a bolt-on, remote turbo application. PSI
Racing has also built a twin turbo application running at about 13psi of boost,
though no other information on it has been released.
Toyota Racing
DevelopmentSince 1998 Toyota added a new
Toyota Racing Development (TRD) off
road package. The package includes off road tires, 16-inch alloy wheels, TRD
dampers, a locking rear
differential, and the TRD graphics. In 2003 Toyota introduced a TRD sport
package on the
Tundra full-size pickup. This package was not available until 2005 for the Tacoma. This
package includes street performance tires, 17 inch alloy wheels, shocks, race
inspired hood, and TRD sport graphics. It is also about 200 dollars more
expensive than the original TRD off road package.
TRD superchargerTRD (10-30-2007) announced that a
TRD
supercharger for the
FJ Cruiser and Tacoma equipped with 4.0-liter
V6 engine is now available through Toyota dealerships. The TRD supercharger will
increase both engines' output up to 304 horsepower (227 kW) from the original
horsepower (236 hp for Tacoma, 239 hp (178 kW) for FJ Cruiser), while increasing
the torque output up to 334 foot-pounds force (453 N·m). Both horsepower and
torque ratings are SAE net.
This all-new TRD supercharger is compatible on all 2005 through 2009 model
year Toyota Tacoma trucks, and 2007 and 2009 model year FJ Cruiser SUV. This
supercharger system features Eaton roots-type rotating components in a one-piece
integral manifold, iridium spark plugs, and a five-rib serpentine drive belt
system. In addition it produces six to eight pounds of boost pressure per square
inch.
The supercharger, when installed by an authorized Scion or Toyota dealer, has
the same warranty as powertrain, five years or 60,000 miles (97,000 km), or the
balance of the new car warranty, whichever is greater. When not installed by an
authorized dealer, the supercharger is covered by a 12-month, 12,000-mile
(19,000 km) parts-only warranty. The manufacturer's suggested retail price of
the TRD supercharger is $4,500, not including installation.
AftermarketThe 2RZ-FE and 3RZ-FE both have a supercharger available through TRD (
Toyota
Racing Development). The supercharger is manufactured by Alpine
Developments. This kit is rated at an increase of 50% power at 8 psi of boost.
The most commonly seen is the TRD supercharger available for the 5VZ-FE
V6, which is manufactured by
Magnuson Products. This particular supercharger is rated to increase power from
190 hp (140 kW) to 251 hp (187 kW).
The 2005 - 2008 4.0 litre (1GRFE) engine also has a supercharger available
from URD (
Underdog Racing Development). It increases the RWHP from 209 to
305. That's 236 horsepower (176 kW) to approximately 366 horsepower (273 kW).
The OEM for this supercharger is
Rotrex. This is the same OEM
company that makes the supercharger for the 806 horsepower 4.7 litre
Koenigsegg CCR which at
one time held the world speed record.
American special forces
useDuring
Operation Iraqi Freedom, and
Operation Enduring Freedom, multiple
Toyota Tacomas have been observed in use by special forces units of the
U.S. Army.
Typically, they have been Double Cab models, with SR5 and TRD packages.
Despite the fact that the Hilux, which the Tacoma is based on, is extremely
common in the Middle East, SF found it to be easier to purchase them from
American dealerships, modify them appropriately, and ship them to their areas.
The Tacoma and Hilux share the same body, but the chassis is significantly
different in the Tacoma and believed to be much weaker. The gasoline engine used
is significantly quieter than the diesel engines used in the
HMMWV. These were modified
by eliminating the factory radio, along with almost all exterior lights and door
buzzers. The front headlights have been modified to work in IR, in order to work
with night vision. The engines are unmodified, but the vehicles have been fitted
with brush guards, Warn winches, and a rollbar with a machine gun mount.
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